Bo's Mine Tours Email:  bo_smith@bellsouth.net Cell/Text Phone: (904) 708-9186 Mine Tours in Western North Carolina Spruce Pine Mining District Last Updated: November 30th, 2018 Bakersville, Spruce Pine and Little Switzerland in Mitchell County and Burnsville in Yancey County Along Route 19E northeast of Asheville

Due to loss of our cabin as a base of operations and health factors, I am no longer giving personal mine tours. I have thoroughly enjoyed giving tours over thae last few years and hope that I have provided enjoyable and educational experiences for my customers. I am leaving my Bo's Mine Tours Website up however, to keep the information on the mines available for those who are planning trips to the area. I am gratified that I continue to get requests for mine tours and have provided advice and recommendations for those who have contacted me. As a result. I am adding a section to this website covering the most frquently asked questions and my recommendsations.

I have transitioned the business side of  Bo's Mine Tours to a mineral sales , and a pendants and rings business with a base of operations in Jacksonville, Florida. I used to call it Bo's Jewelry.  But my wife Diana has become interested in wire wrapping pendants so I have changed the name to B & D's Jewelry!

B & D's Jewelry

Tour of the Bon Ami Feldspar Mine at Emerald Village . Pay your fees at the retail shop next to the mine cave. Fees; $8.00 adult. $7.00 seniors (60+), $6.00 students through high school, pre school (free))   The Bon Ami Mine is a typical feldspar mine of the 1920s-1940s. This tour features a brief description of Spruce Pine Pegmatite geology and the mining equipment and feldspar processing techniques of that period.  The length of thr tour is about 45 minutes to an hour.  The Emerald Village complex is located a few miles from the North Carolina Mineral Museum.

Following the Bon Ami walking tour, most groups either stay in Emerald Village and collect from the dumps (tailings) of the McKinney Feldspar Mine or drive to the Sink Hole Mica Mine to collect there!

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Collecting at the Emerald Village McKinney Mine Tailings

This is a very nice specimenn of the most common minerals found in the McKinney Mine tailings; green muscovite mica (upper left and lower right), smoky quartz (gray), and cream colored potash feldspar (microcline or orthoclase).

You can collect from the tailings from the McKinney Feldspar Mine onsite at Emerald Village.  The procedure is to check in at the main retail store down McKinney Mine Road from the Bon Ami Mine. You sign  waiver of liability forms and pay the fees there. Fee Schedule: adults 13 and older-$20, children 12 and under- $10.00 I will provide tools and help you identify the minerals you find if I lead you during your collecting experience. You can rent tools  from Emerald Village if you go on your own. You will need sturdy shoes and some 5gal strong buckets for the samples you collect. There is a collection of the minerals found in the McKinney Mine tailings in the Emerald Village office to help you know what to look for when you collect at the tailings.

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Lunch after mineral collecting

Most tour groups elect to take a break for a rest, cool drink, and lunch after completing mineral collecting. If you decide to collect at Emerald Vilage, the place to go is the Little Switzerland Cafe just a few minutes from Emerald Village

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Collecting at the Sink Hole Mica Mine

Spruce Pine Pegmatite from Sink Hole Mica Mine Beautiful muscovite mica (rum mica) in smoky quartz (gray) and postassium feldspar (creamy white) matrix

The Sink Hole Mica Mine is currrently closed due to the dumping of trash in the mine area. The Sink Hole Mica Mine is about a 45 minute drive from Emerald Village off of Stae Road 80N near Bakersville, NC.

Classic Spruce Pine Pegmatite Minerals Feldspar (cream), Smoky Quartz (gray), Muscovite Mica

Nice Spruce Pine Pegmatite specimen with Muscovite Mica from Sink Hole Mica Mine

Nice Gem Feldspar (upper right) from Sink Hole Mine with "gemmy" garnets found in August 2015

You can begin with a short hike to see one of the shafts and the location of the Native American mine works.

Next, you can collect samples from the "tailings" of the minerals found at the Sink Hole Mine.

Middle school aged students particularly enjoy the "hands on experience"

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More Examples of Minerals Commonly Found at the Sink Hole Mica Mine

There is plenty of typical Spruce PIne Pegmatite at the Sink Hole Mine. This one has some pink feldspar.

Green Apatite crystal in Feldspar. (fluoresces bright yellow)

Top left- If you look carefully at the Feldspar you colllect, you might find some "gem feldspar"

Small "gemmy" Garnet crystals are commonly found in the pegmatite at the Sink Hole Mine

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Lunch after mineral collecting

Most tour groups elect to take a break for a rest, cool drink, and lunch after completing mineral collecting. If you decide to collect at the Sink Hole Mica Mine, the place to go is Helen's Restauraunt about a ten minute drive to Bakersville. Helen's has great sandwiches /burgers, sweet potato fries , and milk shakes! Closed Tuesdays!

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"Tourist" Gem Mining (sluicing):

I began Bo's Mine Tours to give tourists and local inhabitants an option in addition to typical "tourist" gem mining attractions. "Tourist" gem mining normally involves separating colorful semi-precious gem stones from North Carolina gravel through "sluicing".  This is fun for all generations and especially small children.  However, the colorful stones found in these places generally do not come from North Carolina. The "tourist gem mine" operators purchase these gems from suppliers especially from Brazil and then mix them with local gravel. 
Bo's Mine Tours offers the oppportunity to collect North Carolina rocks and minerals from a real mine.

However, my experience over the past few years with Bo's Mine Tours is that there are two situations when it is beneficial to include "tourist gem mining" as part of my tours.

Tour modified for elementary aged children accompanied by parents/grand parents:
 Emerald Village/Sinkhole Mine Tour

For tour groups which include young children who have never been gem "sluicing"  and have selected to do the Bon Ami Feldspar Mine tour might want to consider having the kids do some "gem mining" at the Emerald Village facility (bucket prices vary from $15 up).  Emerald Village is an attractive, well run facility.  This takes about and hour or so. After the Emerald Village actvities, you might want to move on to a shorter (about 1-2 hours) collecting experience either at the McKinney Feldspar Mine tailings onsite at Emerald Village or at the Sink Hole Mica Mine.  I have found that elementary age children are very enthusiastic about collecting at "real mine" tailings but their attention span is such that they begin to wear out and get a bit "figity" after an hour or two.

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Spruce Pine Mining District tour modified to include those who are interested
in doing "gem sluicing" with the goal of obtaining a faceted gemstone or cabochon
Rio Doce Gem Mine

After a bit of "marketing research" of the local "tourist gem mines", I have determined the best place to get reliable high quality gem stones along with the demonstrated ability of cutting the stones by experienced professionals is the Rio Doce Gem Mine. Rio Doce has a broad choice of buckets available to suit the needs of each customer. The most popular choice of my recent customers is the $65 bucket which is large enough for two people to share and includes several fecetable gemstones and many other minerals suitable for cabechons. The $65 price includes faceting one gemstone or one cabochon.  Additional faceted stones are $50 each and cabochons are $30.

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Rock Collecting Tools and equipment

In addition to some kind of appropriate containers (I recommend Lowes or Home Depot sturdy 5 gal buckets), you will need proper rock hammers to process the material. I recommend that each collector have a regular rock hammer (brick hammer) with a chisel end (shown in my left hand in the picture) ($30 at Homer Depot or Lowes and a 2 1/2 lb to 4 lb mason hammer with a chizel end (shown in my right hand). A 12 lb sledge hammer would be helpful to break up larger boulders. The picture demonstrates how to use these hammers to break rocks in a controlled manner.

Safety Notes: Each colllector should wear sturdy shoes/boots/athletic shoes (no sandals). I always wear jeans to provide protection in case of a fall.
But, many of my customers have worn shorts.  Everyone should wear some type of light weight gloves (garden gloves) to protect against cuts from a fall or contact with sharp edges of the minerals. Always wear eye protection when breaking rocks with hammers!

We also have had several excellent tours to the Crabtree Emerald Mine.   Crabtreee provides a more difficult challenge than the Sink Hole Mine in finding good specimens but it can be done and our Crabtree tours were successful in that almost everyone found some emerald. You can sign the required forms, pay the fees,  and get directions to the mine from either the MAGMA (Mountain Area Gem and Mineral Association) websie which manages collecting at the mine or at the Emerald Village shop next to the Bon Ami Feldspar Mine. I can provide the forms and forward your check to MAGMA if I take you to the mine.

Minerals Commonly Found at the Crabtree Emerald Mine

Common grassy green Beryl crystals in Feldspar matrix

Emerald in Crabtree matrix

Black tourmaline crystals and pink Thulite in Feldspar

Black tourmaline and golden beryl in Feldspar matrix

Special Finds at the Crabtree Emerald Mine

Above- Nice Emerald crystals in Feldspar matrix; found August 2014 Right- Beautiful Emerald crystal found in the gravel at Crabtree; August 2015

Ray Mica Mine
The Ray Mine is one of the oldest and most famous of the old mica mines. Excellent examples of spuce pine pegmatite material can be found there. Especially fine examples of "rum" mica some with black tourmaline inclusions can be found.  The Ray Mine is one of the best sites in the area to find Aquamarine.  It can be found by searching through surface material or by the digging and sifting technique. In 2012, the US Forrest service instituted digging restrictions for the Ray MIne area and avoidance policies for shafts due to bat preservation issues.  I have found nice samples of mica and black tournaline in the quartz/feldspar matrix the creek alongside the trail up the mountain. No digging in the creek! Up the hill in the vacinity of the mine shafts is a large mine dump area (tailings). Surface collecting using hand tools is permitted in this area.  There is an approved digging area above the mine shafts. I suggest you check with the US Forrest Service before collecting at the Ray Mine area.
I suggest you call Matthew McCombs, District Ranger, Appalachian Ranger District at (828) 689- 9694 (office) oe (970) 309-0367 (cell) for the latest information before collecting at the Ray Mica Mine.

The parking area at the Ray Mica Mine trailhead

Directions to the parking area at the Ray Mica Mine trailhead: From Burnsville take Rt 197 South (The Pensacola Road) for .7 miles Turn Left on Bolens Creek Road for 1.4 miles Turn Left on Ray Mine Road to the top of the hill GPS Coordinates: N 35 deg. 53.241 min. W 082 deg. 16.733 min. The Pisgah National Forest land begins at the post with the yellow and black poster on the right in the picture. You may park on National Forest land in front of the post is private land.  I have had prmission from the owner in the past to park on his land. He does not want any payment; just do not block his mail box on th right!

This a map of the Ray Mine area.  The hatched area above the shafts is the authorized digging area.  The old road which is adjacent to the digging area leads up to the rigeline where there is an old Kyanite Mine.

Hike up the hill toward the tailings. You may suface collectalong the trail but no digging!

You may suface collect in the stream;  but no digging!

You may suface collect from the tailings near the shafts but no digging. Digging is permitted only in the approved digging area above the shafts!

Minerals that can be found at the Ray Mica Mine

Partial Common Beryl crystal  in Quartzite matrix

Aquamarine in Feldspar

Muscovite Mica (Rum Mica) in Feldspar

Black tourmaline crystals in Muscovite mica on Feldspar

lIf you hike up toward the ridgeline from the Ray Mine shaft area you might find some blue Kayanite in Quartzite.

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Interested in Gold Mining?

I met the owner of of the Thermal City Gold Mine at the Grassy Creek Gem and Mineral Show late in July 2015. His family has owned the mine for five generations.  The area between here and Charlotte was mined for gold for about 20 years beginning about 1830 and was the primary source of America's gold until the big gold strike in California. You can pan the unsalted stream gravel that produced the gold for $10/person and they will provide the pan; what a deal! You have a good chance to find a flake or two of gold by panning  You can also reserve a piece of gold mining equipment called a trommel for four hours for $60.

Our first tour was for a family who decided to try panning for $10 a person

They were also given an explination of the operation of the trommel by the owner.

Loading the trommel

Cleaning the sluice

Panning the concentrate

The Objective Small nuggets and flakes from the trommel operation

A Good Place to Start Any Tour The North Carolina Mineral Museum At Rte 226 and the Blue Ridgre Parkway

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You can take a route to the Sinkhole Mine that includes a brief roadside stop along Rte. 226N with a view of the  Quartz Corporation's Pine Mountain Mining Facility. Take Route 226 N from Rt 19E north towards Bakersville.  Stop along the right side of the road and take a look at this operating feldspar mine, the largest in North America. After this stop, continue on towards Bakersville and take a left at Rte 223 (Mine Creek Road) at the Sink Hole Mine road sign.

The Sink Hole Mice Mine mine is located in the town of Bandana southeast of Bakersville in Mitchell County. mine is currently owned by Ed and Sam Silver.  The Bandana area and the valley to its south, Kona, have been continuously occupied by the Silver family since the mid-1750s.  My research into the geology of the area has resulted in getting to know many of the local folks so I have learned quite a bit about the history of the area. This cabin, built by one of sons of the area's first resident of European decent, George Silver Jr.was built between 1809 and 1816 can be found in the village of KONA.  If you drive south on Rte 80S from Bandana, you will find KONA. Take the Old Kona Road down to the village to find this cabin.

During the years that I have devoted to the study of the geology and history of the  Spruce Mining District, I became very interested in the history of  North Carolina mica mining by Hopewell era Native Americans. I have published my research online at:     Native American Sink Hole Mica Mining Website If you are interested in this subject, be sure to search for revine at the Sink Hole Mine, the site of Native merican aboriginal mining 2000 years ago. I commissioned the oil and natural materials painting on the left which is currently on loan to the Yancey County Visitor's Center in Burnsville. A stone mine tool used in this mining over 2000 years ago is on display at thre museum up the hill from the Visitor's Center.

The Dellinger Grist Mill has been at it's Cane Creek location (a few miles east of Bakersville) since the mid 1800s. Four generations of the Dellinger family have operated the mill. It is the only iron wheel grist mill still in operation in North Carolina. The mill is currently operated by Jack Dellinger. Jack was born in the hills near the mill, watched his daddy operate the mill and learned the stories of his grandpa and greatgrandpa's experiences with the mill which he relates to those who visit the mill.  Jack is an amazing person who started in the corn field,was  educated in a one room school house, eventually bacame an Electrical Engineer and as one of an IBM  team of computer programmers was involved in designing the computer program that controlled the Saturn V Rocket for the Apollo 11 Lunar mission. Check hours of operation at the Dellinger Mill Website